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SHERMAN, William Tecumseh, General [1820-1891] -- American army commander

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In 1861 he was appointed a colonel of infantry in the United States army and commanded a brigade at Bull Run. He was made brigadier-general of volunteers, and had command of the Kentucky department. He was made major-general; and in 1864 made one of the most famous military marches of modern times, going from Atlanta to Savannah, with sixty thousand men, which great enterprise soon brought the war to a conclusion. He was made brigadier-general in the United States army in 1863, major-general in 1864, lieutenant-general in 1866, and general-in-chief of the army in 1869. In 1869 he was appointed secretary of war. A Memoir of His Life and Campaign has been published; and also his The Military Lessons of the War. He died in 1891.

Sherman was an intelligent, aggressive, imaginative commander and administrator; a consummate soldier, he worked constantly for the improvement of army training and technology, prophesying a day when the development of automatic weapons would shorten wars, because it would leave "nobody to fight that long"; he is credited with the first application of the modern "total war" concept in the U.S. during his Georgia campaign and has thereby garnered much criticism; The last general-of-the-army until the rank was revived in December 1944 [for Eisenhower]. [Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography, 1995]  -30-
 

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1864
First application of the modern "total war" concepts

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