Noted Relations: CASTILE Family

Name forms

Monarchs of the ancient kingdom of Castile.

CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla), an ancient kingdom of Spain, occupying the central districts of the Iberian Peninsula; and bounded on the N. by the Bay of Biscay, N.E. by the Basque Provinces and Navarre, E. by Aragón, SE. by Valencia and Murcia, S. by Andalusia, W. by Estremadura and León, and NW. by Asturias. Pop. (1900) 3,708,713; area, 55,307 sq. m. The name Castile is commonly said to be derived from the numerous frontier forts (castillos) erected in the middle ages as a defence against the Moors. The northern part of the kingdom, which was first freed from Moorish rule, is called Old Castile (Castilla la Vieja); the southern, acquired later, is called New Castile (Castilla la Nueva). These two divisions, with a third known as North Castile, now rank as military districts or captaincies-general; but the term North Castile, which covers the northern extremity of Old Castile, is not generally used. In 1833 Old Castile was divided into the provinces of Avila, Burgos, Logroño, Palencia, Santander, Segovia, Soria and Valladolid; while New Castile was similarly divided into Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Guadalajara, Madrid and Toledo.

The transformation of Castile from a small county in the north of what is now Old Castile into an independent monarchy, was one of the decisive events in the reconquest of Spain from the Moors. The successful resistance offered by Asturias to the invaders had been followed by the liberation of Galicia and León, when Ferdinand I. of Castile (1035—1065), by his marriage with Sancha, widow of the last king of León, was enabled to unite León and Castile in a single kingdom, with its capital at Burgos. New territories were annexed on the south, until, after the capture of Toledo in 1085, and the consequent formation of a New Castile, the kingdom comprised the whole of central Spain. Thenceforward its history is inseparable from that of the whole country.
[Encyclopedia Britannica, 1911 ed.]  
 

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	Alfonso VII of Castile [1105-1157] – King of Castile CSTL36 1
	Alfonso VIII of Castile [1155-1214] – King of Castile CSTL52 2 Son of Sancho III.
	Alfonso X of Castile & León [1221-1284] – King of Castile & León CSTL97 3 Son of Fernando II. He is celebrated as the author of the code Las Siete Partidas, the basis for Spanish jurisprudence, and for the Alphonsine tables, a set of astronomical observations compiled at his command. NCCN
	Alfonso XI of Castile & León [1311-1350] – King of Castile & León CSTL103 4 Son of Fernando IV.
	Berenguela of León & Castile [1180-1246] – Burgundy dynasty, Queen of León & Castile CSTL17 5
	Enrique I of Castile [1204-1217] – ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile 1214-1217; son of Alfonso VIII CSTL58 6
	Enrique II of Castile [~1333-1379] – ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1369-1379 CSTL111 7
	Enrique III of Castile [1379-1406] – "Doliente" ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1390-1406 CSTL161 8
	Enrique IV of Castile [1425-1474] – "the Impotent" ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1454-1474 CSTL171 9
	Fernando II of Aragón [1452-1516] – "the Catholic", King of Aragón, etc., King of Aragón CSTL179 10 His marriage to Isabel united the kingdoms of Aragón and Castile, becoming the foundation for modern Spain. He established the Inquisition (1478); conducted the war against the Moors, finally conquering Granada (1492; expelled the Jews (1492); aided Columbus; established expansionist foreign policy; conquered Navarre (1512). Wife & 2C: ¤Isabel I of Castile
	Fernando III of Castile and León [1198-1252] – "the Saint", King, King of Castile CSTL98 11
	Fernando IV of Castile & León [1285-1312] – "the Summoned" ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1295-1312; son of Sancho IV CSTL89 12
	Isabel I of Castile [1451-1504] – "the Catholic", queen of Castile & Aragón, Queen of Spain CSTL174 13 Husband & 2C: ¤Fernando II of Aragón
	Juan I of Castile & León [1358-1390] – ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1379-1390 CSTL154 14
	Juan II of Castile & León [1405-1454] – ::> 1369-1379 Tratámara dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1406-1454 CSTL165 15
	Pedro I of Castile & León [1334-1369] – "the Cruel" ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1350-1369; son of Alfonso XI by his 3rd wife; CSTL107 16
	Sancho III of Castile [1134-1158] – ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile 1157-1158; son of Alfonso VII CSTL38 17
	Sancho IV of Castile [1258-1295] – "the Fierce" ::> 1127-1369 Burgundy dynasty ::> king of Castile & León 1284-1295; son of Alfonso X by his 2nd wife CSTL76 18